Negative Election Advertising and Its Impact Research Paper

Negative Election Advertising and Its Impact - Research Paper Example Negative advertising has steadily increased from the 1960s, and the messages emanating from these campaigns include  attacks  focused  on  individuals and their personal characteristics and issues or attacks that may be relevant or irrelevant to issues being handled at that moment. In this context, Jamieson  in her researches  suggested  that  negative advertisements focus  mainly on an adversary ’s failure  and are different from  contrast advertisements, where the latter provides  Ã¢â‚¬Å"explicit  comparisons  between  the  candidates’  qualities,  records  or  proposals† (Jamieson 99). Researchers have suggested that specific factors often affect the style and mode of negative advertising, such as certain traits of a candidate, characteristics like his or her political status, or gender of the candidate. Researchers further suggest  that  candidates appearing to trail during campaigns generally prefer using negative advertisements to gain a favorable position.  However, when differences between candidates are very small and one candidate is seen to be leading the campaign by a small margin, that person may resort to negative advertising to  maintain  and the gap and stop the opponents from catching up. The  gender of  the main  candidate  and  his or her adversary,  party  affiliations,  and  dissimilitude in  election  funding (between the chief candidate and his opponent)  also  affect the use of negative  advertising. A majority of the researches, until date, have explored negative advertising based on candidate dissimilarities. Various scholars have contended that gender is one of the crucial factors during choosing political campaign strategies where women candidates tend to relay their electoral messages (rhetoric) to the public in a different manner, owing to stereotypes that are gender-based.  Ã‚  

Critical paper for the film Whatever Works by woody Allen Essay

Critical paper for the film Whatever Works by woody Allen - Essay Example His most reoccurring theme in this movie is hard and painful life experienced by many Americans. He further manages to bring out the uncertainty of life. Through these issues, we as humans can reflect on our lives and learn to appreciate our time on earth due to the inevitability of death. His work provides an insight into the philosophy of life to the current and future generation. Like Boris, the present and future generations will realize that harsh realities of life and sufferings impact them enormously, as well as their works. With proper planning and wise decisions, people can easily evade misfortunes and lead better lives, not like the one led by Boris. What I find interesting is that Boris continually insults people, but despite this, people still love him. He does this in a humorous, innovative, and creative way. He adopts impressive and witty lines to inform the people of their foolishness and stupidity in the movie. It is evident when he is accused of hitting a young child with a chessboard, but he defends himself by stating, â€Å"I did not hit with it, I picked it up and dumped the piece on his head as an object lesson, to shake him out of his vegetable torpor†. It is interesting to learn that Boris does not come across as sour and unpleasant to the people he always insults. Majority of the people like and appreciate him since he is uniformly funny especially when delivering his insults. However, Allen appears to be provocative in his movie. I find the scenes in his film depicting majority of Americans as conservative and sexually repressed provocative. To him, any American citizen outside New York is ignorant and unenlightened on the current lifestyle. In addition, he says that they are homosexuals who do not find opposite sex attractive, but would rather make love to sheep. This movie provokes the rest of Americans. It creates bad blood between the rest of America and New York. Such words can cause